International Chess Day: History | Books | Movies
On July 20, chess enthusiasts around the globe celebrate International Chess Day, a day dedicated to honoring the timeless game of strategy, intellect, and skill. Established in 1966 by FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs or International Chess Federation), this day commemorates the founding of FIDE in Paris in 1924. screen. Scroll down to check out our list of books and movies to celebrate Chess Day.
Brief History of Chess
Chess is believed to have originated in India around the 6th century AD, evolving from a game called chaturanga, which involved four divisions of the military: infantry, cavalry, elephants, and chariots, represented by the pawn, knight, bishop, and rook. The game spread to Persia, where it became known as shatranj, and eventually made its way to Europe through the Islamic world and Spain. Over the centuries, chess evolved with the introduction of new rules, leading to the modern game we know today. The 19th century saw the establishment of organized chess tournaments and the creation of standardized rules. The 20th century brought further advancements with the advent of chess engines and the internet, revolutionizing the way chess is played and studied.
10 Must-Read Books About Chess
“My 60 Memorable Games” by Bobby Fischer
Written by the legendary American chess grandmaster Bobby Fischer, this book is a collection of his most significant games from 1957 to 1967. One of the most important chess books ever written. Fischer takes the reader through 60 of his games, describing his thoughts, the intricacies behind his and his opponent’s strategies, the tactical justification of moves and the psychological battle in each one. Every player will learn huge amounts from this book. It is essential for each chess enthusiast, competitor and professional.
“Bobby Fischer Teaches Chess” by Bobby Fischer, Stuart Margulies, and Don Mosenfelder
This book serves as a comprehensive guide to learning chess, using a step-by-step approach to teach the basics of the game. Learn how to play chess the Bobby Fischer way with the fastest, most efficient, most enjoyable method ever devised. Whether you’re just learning the game or looking for more complex strategies, these practice problems and exercises will help you master the art of the checkmate. This book teaches through a programmed learning method: It asks you a question. If you give the right answer, it goes on to the next question. If you give the wrong answer, it explains why the answer is wrong and asks you to go back and try again. When you finish, you be a much better chess player.
“The Queen’s Gambit” by Walter Tevis
The novel that inspired the acclaimed Netflix series, “The Queen’s Gambit” follows the story of Beth Harmon, an orphaned chess prodigy who rises to prominence in the male-dominated world of competitive chess. Tevis’s narrative is both gripping and insightful, exploring themes of addiction, obsession, and genius.
“The Life and Games of Mikhail Tal” by Mikhail Tal
Mikhail Tal, known as “The Magician from Riga,” was a Soviet Latvian chess player and the eighth World Chess Champion. This autobiographical book offers a fascinating glimpse into his life and his spectacular playing style, which was characterized by daring sacrifices and complex tactics.
“Garry Kasparov on My Great Predecessors” by Garry Kasparov
This five-volume series by Garry Kasparov, one of the greatest chess players of all time, provides an in-depth analysis of the games of his predecessors. Kasparov’s insights and commentary make this an invaluable resource for understanding the evolution of chess strategy.
“Chess Fundamentals” by José Raúl Capablanca
Written by the third World Chess Champion, José Raúl Capablanca, this classic book breaks down the principles of chess into simple and understandable concepts. It’s a must-read for anyone looking to improve their chess skills.
“How to Reassess Your Chess” by Jeremy Silman
Jeremy Silman’s book is a modern classic that helps players improve their positional understanding and strategic planning. Silman’s approachable writing style and practical advice make it an essential guide for intermediate players.
“Think Like a Grandmaster” by Alexander Kotov
In this book, Soviet grandmaster Alexander Kotov provides a systematic approach to thinking and analyzing chess positions. His famous “tree of analysis” method helps players improve their calculation skills and decision-making process.
“Zurich International Chess Tournament, 1953” by David Bronstein
The book of a strong tournament is more than just a games collection. When its participants are the world’s strongest players . . . the tournament as a whole represents a step forward in the development of chess creativity. We may take as examples of such tournaments the events at Hastings 1895, St. Petersburg 1914, New York 1924, Moscow 1935, and Groningen 1946. Beyond doubt, Zurich-Neuhausen 1953 deserves a place among them. David Bronstein’s detailed account of the 1953 Zurich International Chess Tournament is considered one of the greatest tournament books ever written. Bronstein provides deep insights into the games and the players’ strategies, making it a timeless classic.
“Modern Chess Openings” by Nick de Firmian
Often referred to as the “Bible of Chess Openings,” this book provides comprehensive coverage of all major chess openings. Updated regularly, it remains an indispensable reference for chess players of all levels.
10 Movies and TV Shows About Chess
- Director: Scott Frank
- Writer: Scott Frank, Allan Scott
- Main Actors: Anya Taylor-Joy (known for “Split,” “The Witch”) as Beth Harmon, Bill Camp (known for “The Night Of”) as Mr. Shaibel, and Thomas Brodie-Sangster (known for “The Maze Runner,” “Love Actually”) as Benny Watts.
“The Queen’s Gambit” follows the journey of Beth Harmon, an orphaned girl who discovers her extraordinary talent for chess. As she rises through the ranks of the competitive chess world, she grapples with addiction and personal demons. The series beautifully captures the tension and strategy of chess, bringing the game to a mainstream audience.
- Director: Edward Zwick
- Writer: Steven Knight
- Main Actors: Tobey Maguire (known for “Spider-Man”) as Bobby Fischer, Liev Schreiber (known for “Ray Donovan”) as Boris Spassky, and Peter Sarsgaard (known for “Shattered Glass”) as William Lombardy.
“Pawn Sacrifice” is a biographical drama that chronicles the life of American chess prodigy Bobby Fischer, focusing on his historic 1972 World Chess Championship match against Soviet grandmaster Boris Spassky. The film delves into Fischer’s genius and his struggles with mental illness.
“Searching for Bobby Fischer” (1993)
- Director: Steven Zaillian
- Writer: Steven Zaillian
- Main Actors: Max Pomeranc as Josh Waitzkin, Joe Mantegna (known for “Criminal Minds”) as Fred Waitzkin, and Ben Kingsley (known for “Gandhi”) as Bruce Pandolfini.
Based on the true story of Josh Waitzkin, a young chess prodigy, “Searching for Bobby Fischer” explores his journey in the world of competitive chess. The film examines the pressures and challenges faced by child prodigies and the impact of their talents on their families.
- Director: Caroline Bottaro
- Writer: Caroline Bottaro
- Main Actors: Sandrine Bonnaire (known for “Vagabond”) as Hélène, Kevin Kline (known for “A Fish Called Wanda”) as Dr. Kröger, and Francis Renaud as Ange.
“Queen to Play” tells the story of Hélène, a chambermaid who discovers a passion for chess. With the help of a reclusive American expat, Dr. Kröger, she hones her skills and finds a new sense of purpose and empowerment. The film is a charming exploration of personal growth through the game of chess.
“Brooklyn Castle” (2012)
- Director: Katie Dellamaggiore
- Writer: Katie Dellamaggiore
- Main Actors: The documentary features the members of the chess team at I.S. 318, a middle school in Brooklyn.
“Brooklyn Castle” is a documentary that follows the lives of several members of the chess team at I.S. 318, a public school in Brooklyn that has won more national chess championships than any other in the country. The film highlights the power of chess to transform lives and provide opportunities for young people.
“The Luzhin Defence” (2000)
- Director: Marleen Gorris
- Writer: Peter Berry
- Main Actors: John Turturro (known for “Barton Fink”) as Alexander Luzhin, Emily Watson (known for “Breaking the Waves”) as Natalia, and Geraldine James as Vera.
Based on Vladimir Nabokov’s novel, “The Luzhin Defence” follows the story of Alexander Luzhin, a brilliant but troubled chess grandmaster. As he competes in a prestigious tournament, he falls in love with Natalia, who helps him confront his personal demons and the pressures of his genius.
- Directors: Vsevolod Pudovkin and Nikolai Shpikovsky
- Writers: Vsevolod Pudovkin and Nikolai Shpikovsky
- Main Actors: José Raúl Capablanca (World Chess Champion), Anna Zemtsova, and Vladimir Fogel.
“Chess Fever” is a silent comedy film that captures the chess mania that swept through Moscow during the 1925 chess tournament. The film humorously portrays the obsession with chess and features a cameo by World Chess Champion José Raúl Capablanca.
- Director: James Napier Robertson
- Writer: James Napier Robertson
- Main Actors: Cliff Curtis (known for “Whale Rider”) as Genesis Potini, James Rolleston as Mana, and Kirk Torrance as Noble.
“The Dark Horse” is a biographical drama about Genesis Potini, a New Zealand chess player who struggles with bipolar disorder. The film follows Potini as he finds redemption and purpose by teaching chess to underprivileged children, inspiring them to overcome their own challenges.
- Director: Carl Schenkel
- Writer: Brad Mirman
- Main Actors: Christopher Lambert (known for “Highlander”) as Peter Sanderson, Diane Lane (known for “Unfaithful”) as Kathy Sheppard, and Tom Skerritt (known for “Alien”) as Frank Sedman.
“Knight Moves” is a psychological thriller about chess grandmaster Peter Sanderson, who becomes the prime suspect in a series of murders. As he tries to prove his innocence, he must use his chess skills to outsmart the real killer. The film combines the intensity of chess with a gripping murder mystery.
- Director: Jake Goldberger
- Writer: Jake Goldberger, David Scott, Dan Wetzel
- Main Actors: Cuba Gooding Jr. (known for “Jerry Maguire”) as Eugene Brown, Dennis Haysbert (known for “24”) as Searcy, and LisaGay Hamilton as Sheila King.
“Life of a King” is based on the true story of Eugene Brown, an ex-convict who starts a chess club for at-risk youth in Washington, D.C. Through chess, Brown teaches the kids valuable life lessons about discipline, strategy, and the importance of making the right moves in life.
Conclusion
International Chess Day is a celebration of the enduring legacy of chess, a game that transcends cultures and generations. Whether you’re delving into the pages of a classic chess book or immersing yourself in a cinematic portrayal of the game, there’s no shortage of ways to appreciate the depth and beauty of chess. As we honor this special day, let us remember the profound impact that chess has had on countless lives and continue to be inspired by its timeless wisdom and strategic elegance.
International Chess Day – Books and Movies: My 60 Memorable Games | Bobby Fischer Teaches Chess | The Queen’s Gambit | The Life and Games of Mikhail Tal | Garry Kasparov on My Great Predecessors | Chess Fundamentals | How to Reassess Your Chess | Think like a Grandmaster | Zurich International Chess Tournament 1953 | Modern Chess Openings | The Queen’s Gambit | Pawn Sacrifice | Searching for Bobby Fischer | Queen to Play | Brooklyn Castle | The Luzhin Defence | Chess Fever | The Dark Horse | Knight Moves | Life of a King